Let’s start with why exactly information architecture is necessary. Today, websites hold monumental amounts of information, so it isn’t possible to simply have all of their information on the front page.
THERE NEEDS TO BE
A WAYTO NAVIGATE
This is where information architecture comes in…
(QUOTE- Iain Barker)
“The challenge facing organisations is how to guide people through the vast amount of information on offer, so they can successfully find the information they want and thus find value in the system?”
Information architecture seeks to take the enormous amount of information on offer by a website and present it to the consumer in such a way that is easiest for them to navigate and as such, comprehend.
I guess, if you can’t find what you’re looking for, then the websites architect has failed.
(QUOTE - Kat Hagedorn)
The art and science of organizing information to help people effectively fulfil their information needs. Information architecture involves investigation, analysis, design and implementation.”
What is important from this definition is the idea that information architecture needs to fulfil the needs of the consumer.
00:36 – 01:43
There are two primary ways in which information architecture fulfils consumer’s needs: the Top down approach and the bottom up approach.
The Top Down approach seeks to determine what consumers want then answers those questions on the front page.
So here, we have the Sydney Morning Herald’s website and immediately the architecture becomes obvious, as some of the most important questions that a user needs to know are demonstrated right from the beginning.
• Where am I?
SMH Masthead.
• I want to search for something.
Search box at the top of the page.
• How do I get around the site?
NSW, National, World ect… also at the bottom of the page with links to the site map and a plethora of other aspects of the site.
• What’s happening?
Main articles, weather, Hot topics, Newswire – breaking news.
• What's available?
Further down the page. Where the site details the NSW, National, Video, world, sport sections ect.
The bottom up approach requires information architects to assume that their consumers are tech savy. Generally this means that they may not be coming onto the site through the front page. They may, instead arrive through a news aggregation site such as google. I came to this site after a google search of the name Madeline Pulver, the girl in the middle of the bomb scare hoax. So my first experience of this site, is not through its front page, but instead I am getting my first look, well within the site.
Thus, the bottom up approach wants to allow users to move around the site freely, without have to learn the top down structure.
Importantly then, the site tells the viewer exactly where they are, in this case, we are on the SMH.com, which is associated with the Sydney morning Herald, and we are viewing something in their NSW section.
Now it is important for the viewer to be able to identify what is available on this page. Quite clearly, it is an article titled, Maddie: 'the strongest girl in the world’ and it is written by Gareth Hutchens.
Finally, the consumer can then move around the site quite easily. They can look at articles and videos related to the article that has brought them there, the most clicked articles from the sites, NSW section, and they can look at the specific NSW topics and even share the information on social networking sites.
A really interesting article
from Iain Barker, published May 2nd, 2005. A fantastic discussion of the whole information architecture realm.
A great glossary of Information Architecture terms, I found the link on the website of the Information Architecture Institute.
A great article on the Guardian’s website. A fantastic way to first ‘get into’ the subject.
A very detailed elucidation of Information Architecture from the
University of Texas.
An informational but somewhat boring discussion of the issue. I recommend watching it.
smh.com.au